Despite women's involvement in combat units in Israel's early days, for many decades women were drafted to the military but were not permitted to serve in combat positions. Women served in positions such as clerks, drivers, nurses, radio operators, flight controllers, and course instructors.

Now, the Israel Air Force has graduated its first woman fighter pilot since the early 1950s. A woman has completed the ship captain's course in the Israeli navy. Some combat units have women incorporated into them. Most military professions are open to women. And the Israel Women's Network played a significant role in the process of integrating women into the armed forces.

In November 1995, the High Court of Justice in Israel delivered a landmark decision granting women the right to volunteer for pilot-training courses in the Israel Air Force. The petition was submitted by Alice Miller, who had been denied the right to take exams for the pilots training course. She was represented by the Israel Women's Network and the Association for Civil Rights in Israel.

In its revolutionary decision, the Court ruled that the Israel Air Force must allow Alice Miller to take the qualifying tests for pilot training and, if found eligible, to participate in the pilot training program. The court also ordered the Air Force to initiate an experimental program to facilitate integration of women into pilot training courses.